I have an 2006 ME 1 with RPs, and a 2012 NOS ME1 with factory 57/08s.
Because of what Modal said, I had to check if my memory on the differences was wrong, so I just went and did an A/B on them.
Using the crunch channel on a Mk 5:25 through a pair of 1x12 cabs (new British 25 watt GB + 80's EVM 12L) at "Bedroom volume" this is how they differ to my ears:
RP: More aggressive, pushed upper mid, sharp high end that cuts through, more output.
57/08: Less top end, but also less upper mid, making it sound clearer, more 'articulate', less output.
One last thing to consider: the 5708 are on a guitar with a trem, the RP is the wrap around fixed intonation bridge.
That said, through this set up, there's not a giant difference, but I do have a preference for the 5708 in this case. On stage or in a mix, it could go either way.
EDIT: Huge caveat, a guitar is a system, saying all these tonal differences are up to just the pickups is a bit overreaching. I think the best thing we can say is that this is a comparison between these two guitars, which are called the same thing with pickups which have the same designation as what's being discussed in the topic.