You are correct, IF the scale length on a 24 fret guitar were increased .5 inch it would allow you to move the neck pup that .5 inch closer (in string length) to where it would have been on a 22 fret guitar that had the 25 inch scale length. That is in string length, not in physical position on the guitar. The bridge would also have to move the .5 inch. It would warm the tone up a little.
That's not exactly how it works: if you extend the scale length by 1/2 inch, the 24th fret would be only 1/8 inch farther from the bridge (1/2 x 1/4). The distance between the pickups varies more or less by the same amount (assuming you keep the bridge pickup in the same position and only move the neck one).
So, to answer the question just distance-wise, take as an example two 25 inch scale intruments:
1) a 22 fretter (with the distance between pickups that we are calling AB for the sake of convenience) and
2) a 24 fretter (pickups distance A'B').
If you want a 3rd intrument with the same pickup distance as in instrument 1, but with 24 frets, you'd have to increase its scale lenght by roughly 4 x ( AB - A'B'), which would easily go into baritone territory.
That said, a baritone has quite a different sound and feel from a normal electric guitar (even if built the same way and tuned to the same pitch), and although the distance between the pickups would be the same of a 22 fretted 25 inch scale intrument, the harmonic content of the neck pickup would still be different because of the different placement in relation to the overall string lenght.
To summarize, if you want the sound of the neck pickup in a 22 frets 25 inch scale guitar you have only one possibility: to buy a 22 frets 25 inch scale one!